Which medication class is known for causing a dry cough due to increased bradykinin levels?

Angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitors are known for causing a dry cough, which is a notable side effect associated with their use. This occurs because ACE inhibitors block the conversion of angiotensin I to angiotensin II, leading to increased levels of bradykinin, a peptide that can accumulate. Elevated bradykinin levels are linked to the stimulation of sensory nerve endings in the respiratory tract, which can result in a persistent dry cough. This side effect is a result of the medication's mechanism of action, which is designed to lower blood pressure by promoting vasodilation and reducing fluid retention.

In contrast, other medication classes listed do not have the same mechanism or are not associated with dry cough as a common side effect. For instance, beta-blockers primarily work by reducing heart rate and myocardial contractility, while calcium channel blockers help to relax blood vessels and reduce heart workload. Diuretics, on the other hand, increase urine production to help reduce blood volume. None of these mechanisms are associated with the increase of bradykinin and the resultant dry cough.