Which class of medication is associated with the adverse effect of rhabdomyolysis?

HMG coenzyme A reductase inhibitors, commonly known as statins, are the class of medications associated with the adverse effect of rhabdomyolysis. Statins are primarily used to lower cholesterol levels and reduce the risk of cardiovascular diseases. The mechanism of action involves inhibiting the enzyme HMG-CoA reductase, which plays a critical role in the synthesis of cholesterol in the liver.

Rhabdomyolysis is a serious condition characterized by the breakdown of muscle tissue, which can lead to the release of myoglobin into the bloodstream, potentially resulting in kidney damage. Statins are known to cause muscle-related side effects, and while the majority are mild, rhabdomyolysis is a rare but serious adverse effect that clinicians must monitor.

The other classes of medications listed do not have rhabdomyolysis as a significant or recognized risk. Bile acid sequestrants are used primarily to reduce cholesterol levels without the specific risk of muscle breakdown. PSCK-9 inhibitors, while effective in managing cholesterol, have a different mechanism and are not associated with rhabdomyolysis. Niacin has its own side effects but does not typically include rhabdomyolysis in its profile. Understanding these distinctions is